What is the domestication of plants called?

Domestication, the process of hereditary reorganization of wild animals and plants into domestic and cultivated forms according to the interests of people. In its strictest sense, it refers to the initial stage of human mastery of wild animals and plants. See also plant breeding and animal breeding. …

What is meant by domestication short answer?

Domestication is a change that happens in wild animals or plants, when they are kept by humans for a long time. The Latin term literally means “to make it suitable for home”. If humans take wild animals and plants and keep and breed them, over time the animals and plants may change. Humans first domesticated dogs.

How did the process of domestication of plants begin?

The domestication of plants was a signature technology initiated by humans during the transition from hunting–gathering to agriculture, about 12 000 years ago. With adaptation to changing human needs, domestication research has had a significant impact for continued crop improvement.

What traits do you think are important for plant domestication by humans?

Common features of the domestication syndrome are larger fruit or grain, reduced branching, gigantism, the loss or reduction of seed dispersal, the loss of seed dormancy, changes in photoperiod sensitivity, and the loss or reduction of toxic compounds (18, 19).

What are domestication traits?

Domestication syndrome traits include those associated with reduced pod shattering, determinate growth habit, large seed size, and loss of seed dormancy (Harlan et al., 1973; Doebley et al., 2006; Weeden, 2007; Burger et al., 2008).

What are the two types of domestication?

There are three proposed major pathways that most animal domesticates followed into domestication:

commensals, adapted to a human niche (e.g., dogs, cats, fowl, possibly pigs);
prey animals sought for food (e.g., sheep, goats, cattle, water buffalo, yak, pig, reindeer, llama and alpaca); and.

How has domestication benefited animals and humans?

Animal domestication changed a great deal of human society. It allowed for more permanent settlement as cattle provided a reliable food and supply source. A downside to domestication was the spread of diseases between humans and animals that would have otherwise jumped between species.

When did domestication of plants begin?

about 10,000 years ago
People first domesticated plants about 10,000 years ago, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia (which includes the modern countries of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria). People collected and planted the seeds of wild plants.

What is the Plant Introduction?

Plant introduction is a process of introducing plants (a genotype or a group of genotypes) from their own environment to a new environment. The process of introduction may involve new varieties of crop or the wild relatives of crop species or totally a new crop species for the area.

How does plant domestication work?

Plant domestication is the process whereby wild plants have been evolved into crop plants through artificial selection. This usually involves an early hybridization event followed by selective breeding.

Which is the correct definition of the term domestication?

See Article History. Domestication, the process of hereditary reorganization of wild animals and plants into domestic and cultivated forms according to the interests of people. In its strictest sense, it refers to the initial stage of human mastery of wild animals and plants. The fundamental distinction of domesticated animals …

What is a characteristic of a domesticated plant?

A feature of most domesticated plants is a reduction in genetic diversity following domestication (Gepts, 2004 ). Many studies using molecular markers or gene sequence information have demonstrated reductions in diversity during and after domestication.

When did the domestication of animals and plants begin?

The domestication of animals and plants began with the wolf ( Canis lupus) at least 15,000 years before present (YBP), which then led to a rapid shift in the evolution, ecology, and demography of both humans and numerous species of animals and plants.

Are there any negative effects of plant domestication?

The crops have certainly evolved, but not as much as they did during those first centuries. With domestication came some negative aspects such as reduced genetic diversity. The genetic bottle neck effect seen in modern crops is a product of man’s selection for desirable agronomic traits.