How do exhaust gas scrubbers work?

In a scrubber, the sulphur oxides in the exhaust are passed through a water stream reacting with it to form sulphuric acid and are removed from the exhaust gas which then passes out of the system. The exhaust gas from the engine or boiler passes into the scrubber and is treated with seawater.

How does a scrubber work?

A scrubber works by spraying a wet slurry of limestone into a large chamber where the calcium in the limestone reacts with the SO2 in the flue gas. There are some variations in design of scrubbers. For example, some scrubbers may use other chemicals such as lime or magnesium oxide to react with the SO2 in the flue gas.

What is the main function of scrubber?

Scrubbers are one of the primary devices that control gaseous emissions, especially acid gases. Scrubbers can also be used for heat recovery from hot gases by flue-gas condensation. They are also used for the high flows in solar, PV, or LED processes.

What is scrubber installation?

A scrubber installation allows a vessel operator to continue to buy cheaper high-sulfur HSFO fuel and separate out the excess sulfur onboard the vessel in what is effectively a mini refinery. The only other alternative is to purchase higher-cost low-sulfur LSFO fuel.

Which countries have banned open loop scrubbers?

List of countries that restrict the use of open loop scrubbers

China (territorial waters)
Singapore (within port limits)
Malaysia (territorial waters)
Pakistan (within port limits)
UAE (Fujairah and Abu Dhabi port limits)
Bahrain (within port limits)
Egypt (Suez Canal)
Gibraltar (local waters)

How effective are scrubbers?

Scrubbers are very effective, removing about 98% of sulfur from flue gases, but they are very expensive to maintain and install.

What is a dry scrubber?

A dry scrubber, or dry scrubber system, is a type of pollution control equipment that is designed to remove harmful gases and particulates from industrial exhaust streams.

What do scrubbers remove?

Dry scrubbers remove pollutants from exhaust gases without the use of liquids. Instead, they utilize a dry reaction material known as “sorbent”, such as alkaline slurry, and they are primarily implemented for removal of acid from gas by moving the gas through the sorbent “dust” to maximize binding.

How many types of scrubbers are there?

Types of Scrubber The two main types of scrubbers are wet scrubbers and dry scrubbers. The two main types of scrubbers — wet scrubbers and dry scrubbers — can reduce up to 90 percent of emissions that contribute to smog and acid rain.

What is an open loop scrubber?

The open loop scrubber system uses seawater to lower the sulphur content of the exhaust gasses to an equivalent of 0,1%. The process water is discharged overboard in compliance with IMO 2020 regulations. Open loop systems are primarily used for vessels that operate mainly at open sea.

What kind of scrubber does an exhaust gas scrubber use?

Exhaust Gas Scrubber Washwater Effluent Executive Summary EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document contains information about effluent washwater discharges associated with the operation of exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCSs), also known as sulfur oxide (SOx) scrubbers, onboard vessels.

What does ABS mean for exhaust gas scrubber systems?

ABS | EXHAUST GAS SCRUBBER SYSTEMS | 3 The revised Annex VI included a change to the terminology and regulations associated with the coastal air emission control areas with the revision from SECAs to ECAs. This added the provision to designate the areas as SOx, NOx and PM Emission Control Areas.

What are the different types of exhaust gas cleaning systems?

There are several different designs of marine exhaust gas cleaning systems (often referred to as scrubbers) that remove sulphur oxides from ship’s engine and boiler exhaust gases. However the majority of ‘wet’ systems have 3 basic components:

How does an open loop exhaust gas scrubber work?

Open-loop scrubbers take in seawater for the cleaning process. After scrubbing the exhaust gas, the water is treated and released. Its natural water composition helps neutralize the effects of sulfur oxides. Closed-loop systems utilize freshwater treated with alkaline chemicals to mimic the neutralizing effects of seawater.