Contents
What do you understand by EIL?
The EIL is the most basic of the decision rules; it is a theoretical value that, if actually attained by a pest population, will result in economic damage. Therefore, the EIL is a measure against which we evaluate the destructive status and potential of a pest population.
Who proposed the concept of EIL?
proposed by Higley and Wintersteen and adding an environmental cost of $0.04/plant would increase the EIL to 0.53 or double its previous level in the aforementioned example.
How is EIL calculated?
The EIL is based on the relation of five primary variables and can be estimated according to the following formula EIL = C/VIDK, in which C represents the cost of management tactic per production unit, V is the price of commodity, I is the injury units per pest, D is the damage per unit of insect injury, and K is the …
What is Antixenosis and Antibiosis?
Antixenosis occurs when there is non-preference for the resistant plant compared to a susceptible one, while antibiosis applies to disruption of life parameters (survival, development, fecundity) of the insect.
What is minor pest?
The designation of “minor” pests simply means these pests are often localized to one area of tomato production, or, if they are common throughout most tomato production areas, their ability to damage a tomato crop and reduce marketable yield is sporadic both in time and space.
What are the five components of IPM?
Five general types of single component control methods may be used in IPM programs in stored ecosystems. These are: chemical control, physical and mechanical methods, biological control, host plant resistance and regulatory control.
What are the objectives of IPM?
Integrated pest management regulates pests by using a variety of control measures, including mechanical, cultural, biological, and chemical. Management rather than eradication of pests is the goal. An IPM plan begins with a careful evaluation of each pest infestation.
How is the ET related to the EIL?
That is where the ET comes in. The ET is the practical rule used to determine when to take management action. In fact, some refer to the ET as the action threshold. It is essentially a prediction of when a pest population is going to reach the EIL.
How is the economic threshold different from the EIL?
Economic threshold. The economic threshold (ET) differs from the EIL in that it is a practical or operational rule, rather than a theoretical one. Stern et al. defined the ET as “the population density at which control action should be determined (initiated) to prevent an increasing pest population (injury) from reaching the economic injury level.”
The EIL has been described as the break-even point, the level of pest a plant can tolerate, among other things. The main thing is that we want to manage the pest population before it reaches the EIL. That is where the ET comes in. The ET is the practical rule used to determine when to take management action.
When does the pest population reach the EIL?
It is assumed that once the ET is reached, there is a high probability that the pest population will reach the EIL if no management action is taken. Establishing an ET is complex. It incorporates the EIL as well as other factors which require a thorough understanding of the pest’s population dynamics in the specific crop.