Contents
What type of reaction produces iron from iron?
reduction reactions
The blast furnace Iron is extracted from iron ore in a huge container called a blast furnace. Iron ores such as haematite contain iron(III) oxide, Fe 2O 3. The oxygen must be removed from the iron(III) oxide in order to leave the iron behind. Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called reduction reactions.
How iron is produced in a blast furnace?
Blast furnaces produce pig iron from iron ore by the reducing action of carbon (supplied as coke) at a high temperature in the presence of a fluxing agent such as limestone. …
Which type of reaction occurs in the blast furnace?
The main chemical reaction producing the molten iron is: Fe2O3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO. This reaction might be divided into multiple steps, with the first being that preheated air blown into the furnace reacts with the carbon in the form of coke to produce carbon monoxide and heat: 2 C(s) + O2(g) → 2 CO.
What process creates iron?
Iron ore is converted into various types of iron through several processes. The most common process is the use of a blast furnace to produce pig iron which is about 92-94% iron and 3-5% carbon with smaller amounts of other elements.
How do you reduce direct iron?
Direct reduced iron (DRI), also called sponge iron, is produced from the direct reduction of iron ore (in the form of lumps, pellets, or fines) into iron by a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal. Many ores are suitable for direct reduction.
Why is iron from the blast furnace harder than pure iron?
The smaller or bigger atoms distort the layers of atoms in the pure metal. This means that a greater force is required for the layers to slide over each other. The alloy is harder and stronger than the pure metal.
Why is iron produced in a blast furnace not very useful?
The production of iron in a Blast Furnace is a continuous process. The metal that leaves the Blast Furnace contains between 4% and 5% of carbon. This much carbon makes a very hard but brittle metal which is not much use.
Why is coke used in a blast furnace?
Blast furnace ironmaking makes use of coke as the major source for both energy and reduction of iron oxides. In the blast furnace process, coke has multifunctions and plays an important role as reductant, burden support, and fuel.
Which material is added to a blast furnace to remove impurities?
Limestone
Limestone is also used to remove impurities from the blast furnace when making iron. The impurities are mostly silicon dioxide (also known as sand). The calcium carbonate in the limestone reacts with the silicon dioxide to form calcium silicate (also known as slag).
Is iron making a reduction process?
Direct reduction of iron is the removal of oxygen from iron ore or other iron bearing materials in the solid state, i.e. without melting, as in the blast furnace. The reducing agents are carbon monoxide and hydrogen, coming from reformed natural gas, syngas or coal.
What are the chemical reactions in a blast furnace?
What chemical reactions happen in a blast furnace? Hematite, Fe2O3 is the main mineral from which iron is extracted. In this mineral, iron is present as iron (III) and must be reduced to pure iron using carbon monoxide as a reducing agent.
How is molten iron produced in a blast furnace?
The main chemical reaction producing the molten iron is: Fe 2 O 3 + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO 2 This reaction might be divided into multiple steps, with the first being that preheated blast air blown into the furnace reacts with the carbon in the form of coke to produce carbon monoxide and heat: 2 C (s) + O 2 (g) → 2 CO (g)
How does Coke react with oxygen in a blast furnace?
The carbon in the coke reacts with the oxygen to produce a reducing gas, carbon monoxide (CO) according to the following reaction: In the upper region of the blast furnace where temperature range from 600 to 700 C. the iron ore or iron oxide is reacts with the gaseous CO reductant to produce iron:
How does limestone decompose in a blast furnace?
The limestone also decomposes to CaO which removes the silicate impurity of the ore in the form of Slag. It can be easily separated out of molten iron. The iron manufactured in Blast Furnaces contain about 3 – 4 % of Carbon and smaller quantities of many other impurities such as sulfur, Silicon, etc.