Contents
What were the problems in the papacy that gave rise to the conciliar movement?
The movement emerged in response to the Western Schism between rival popes in Rome and Avignon. The schism inspired the summoning of the Council of Pisa (1409), which failed to end the schism, and the Council of Constance (1414–1418), which succeeded and proclaimed its own superiority over the Pope.
What was the impact of the conciliar movement?
It also dealt with various heresies, the council of Constance burning John Huss and condemning John Wyclif in 1415, and it initiated some reforms. The movement, in so far as it challenged papal authority, was eventually defeated by the papacy, but its long-term influence upon Christian Churches was considerable.
Why was the Avignon papacy a problem?
The situation arose from the conflict between the papacy and the French crown, culminating in the death of Pope Boniface VIII after his arrest and maltreatment by Philip IV of France. Following the further death of Pope Benedict XI, Philip forced a deadlocked conclave to elect the French Clement V as pope in 1305.
What was the Avignon papacy and why did it affect the papacy?
The Avignon papacy was a papacy under strong French influence because most of the cardinals were French. This led to the papacy needing to prove themselves politically and economically. Therefore the papacy needed to pull off political schemes. They also had to sell the service of repenting.
What did the Conciliarists believe?
Conciliarism, in the Roman Catholic church, a theory that a general council of the church has greater authority than the pope and may, if necessary, depose him. Conciliarism had its roots in discussions of 12th- and 13th-century canonists who were attempting to set juridical limitations on the power of the papacy.
What was significant about the Avignon papacy?
Avignon papacy, Roman Catholic papacy during the period 1309–77, when the popes took up residence at Avignon, France, instead of at Rome, primarily because of the current political conditions. In 1348 it became direct papal property.
Why did Pope Clement V move the papacy to France?
French-born Pope Clement V ordered the move in response to the increasingly fractious and political environment in Rome, which had seen his predecessors face off against Philip IV of France – the man who had ensured Clement’s election by the conclave and who was pressing for the papal residence to move to France.
What was the result of the Conciliar movement?
The movement was successful, deposing or accepting the resignation of the popes concerned. It declared the superiority of a general council of the Church over the papacy, formulated in the decree Haec Sancta (sometimes called Sacrosancta) of 1415, and tried to make general councils a regular feature of the Western Church.
What was the relationship between the papacy and church councils?
The West in the early decades of the 15th century was in turmoil over the relationship between the Papacy and Church councils. Some held that the Papacy was supreme. Others held that the authority of the Church councils supersedes that of the Pope of Rome.
Who was the pope during the Conciliar movement?
As a result, in 1414 the Council of Constance met, which would become the pinnacle of the Conciliar Movement. This council, held in southern Germany, deposed all three claimants and then elected Martin V (r. 1417–1431) to be the one and only Pope.
Why did the papacy have to sell the service of repenting?
This led to the papacy needing to prove themselves politically and economically. Therefore the papacy needed to pull off political schemes. They also had to sell the service of repenting. The relationship it had to the great Schism was that during that time the French cardinals wanted to go back to Avignon.